Copyright Statement

Author Ownership Authors who publish with the International Journal of Advanced Physics and Astronomy (IJAPA) retain the copyright to their work. By submitting a manuscript, authors agree to publish their articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Rights Granted to the Publisher Upon acceptance of a manuscript, authors grant Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University (Abai KazNPU) a non-exclusive, perpetual right to:

• Publish, reproduce, and distribute the article in electronic and/or print formats.
• Archive the article in the journal's database and international repositories.
• Use the article for promotional and metadata indexing purposes (e.g., Scopus, Web of Science).

Author Rights Authors are free to:

• Share and distribute the published version of the article (Version of Record).
• Deposit the article in any institutional or subject repository.
• Reuse the material in future works (e.g., books or lecture notes) with proper citation of the original IJAPA publication.